In general, anemias that evolve over a long interval will have a less pronounced clinical impact than anemias that develop acutely. The physiological effect of anemia is a function of: (1) the interval over which the anemia develops, and (2) the overall hemoglobin level. Description of the problem What every clinician needs to know Aplastic anemia myelodysplasia paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria myeloproliferative disorders (essential thrombocythemia, myelofibrosis, chronic myelogenous anemia) pure red cell aplasia chronic renal failure endocrine-related anemias drug-induced marrow failure (chemotherapy, other) megaloblastic anemias nutritional anemias (including iron deficiency) thalassemia hemoglobinopathies, traumatic blood loss non-immune congenital hemolytic processes (hereditary spherocytosis, hereditary elliptocytosis, hereditary pyropoikilocytosis) congenital enzymopathies non-immune acquired hemolytic disorders immune-mediated hemolysis (autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), cryopathic immune hemolytic anemia, drug-induced, delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions, ABO-Rh mismatch) sideroblastic anemia anemia of chronic disease myelophthisic anemias hypersplenism hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) infectious marrow failure syndromes (parvovirus, microbacterium avium intracellulare ) 1.
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